What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?

Here is a simplified AC power diagram.

And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.

So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.

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He then describes the function of a fuse.

Upvotes:

There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.

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First Sentence:

Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.

“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”

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An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.

2024–10–16 [ OO OLAOYE OYEBODE ]

But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.

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At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.

One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”

2024–10–00 [ Ammar Mahdi ] Ammar Mahdi

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There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.

It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.

Edit 2024–10.

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[old diagram got deleted by accident]

2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]

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(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).

This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.

These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.

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This device then solves the entire problem.

A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.

Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.

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but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.

Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.

So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.

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In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:

2024–09–27 [ Mohan Rajaratnam Mohan Rajaratnam ] . Thinks you can get free electricity from nothing : Mohan Rajaratnam's answer to Is it possible to generate free electricity at home using a magnet or other low-cost methods? If so, how does it work?

so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.

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P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.

I post the exact comment here.

Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.

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When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.

[image of Common-mode choke]

What does a fuse do?

so, what happens?

But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.

It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.

He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.

Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).

The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.

what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?

The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.

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but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.

A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.

One

If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.

a photo is worth a thousand words.

At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.

The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”

Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.

This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.

Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.

There are two important concepts here.

So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.

At least they know the answer if they wanted it.

This is 'the assistant's answer'

The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”

What is lightning?

Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".

“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”

2024–10–11 [Victor Olarewsju Victor Olarewaju ]

This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.

This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.

This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.

Barnstars:

the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".

“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”

2024–10–14 [Omar Gharbi Omar Gharbi ]

This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.

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OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.

But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).

2024–10–11 [Bobby Sanchez Bobby Sanchez ].

For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).

(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).

It’s been three xxx five werks, and there has been no response to my follow on query on his Commment to my answer.

Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.

He then asserts :

These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.